墨兰 报岁兰
Cymbidium sinense (Jackson ex Andr.) Willd., Sp. Pl. ed. 4, 111. 1805;中国高等植物图鉴5: 748.图8326.1976; 海南植物志4: 246.1977; 台湾兰科植物2: 126-128 (图). 1977; 台湾植物志5: 948. 1978, Y. S. Wu et S. C. Chen in Acta Phytotax. Sin. 18 (3): 292. fig. 1 (4). 1980; Seidenf. in Opera Bot. 72: 73. fig. 39. 1983, et 114: 344. 1992; Du Puy et Cribb, Genus Cymbidium 167. Pl. 25. phot. 124, 125. fig. 27 (4). 1988;安徽植物志5: 542.图3079.1992;福建植物志6: 617. 图539. 1995; Z. H. Tsi et S. C. Chen in Acta Phytotax. Sin. 33 (3): 291. 1995; 台湾兰科植物彩色图志1: 326, 327. 1996; 中国兰花全书89.图8-15.1998. Epidendrum sinense Jackson ex Andr., Bot. Rep. 3: t. 216. 1802. ——Cymbidium fragrans Salisb. in Trans. Hort. Soc. 1: 298. 1812. ——Cymbidium chinense Heynh., Nomencl. 2: 179. 1846. ——Cymbidium hoosai Makino in Bot. Mag. Tokyo 16: 27. 1902. ——Cymbidium albo-jucundissimum Hayata, Icon. Pl. Formos. 4: 74. 1914, et 6: 80. fig. 13. 1916. ——Cymbidium sinense (Jackson ex Andr.) Willd. var. margicoloratum Hayata, l. c. 6: 82. fig. 16 (13-17). 1916. ——Cymbidium sinense (Jackson ex Andr.) Willd. f. albo——jucundissimum (Hayata) Fukuyama in Trans. Nat. Hist. Soc. Formosa 22: 415. 1932. ——Cymbidium sinense (Jackson ex Andr.) Willd. var. albo-jucundissimum (Hayata) Masamune in Frop. Hort. 3: 31. 1933. ——Cymbidium sinense (Jackson ex Andr.) Willd. var. bellum T. K. Yen, Icon. Cymbid. Amoyens. E. a. 1. 1964. ——Cymbidium sinense (Jackson ex Andr.) Willd. f. aureomarginatum T. K. Yen, l. c., E. C. l. 1964. ——Cymbidium sinense (Jackson ex Andr.) Willd. var. album T. K. Yen, 1. c., F. a. 1. 1964. ——Cymbidium sinense (Jackson ex Andr.) Willd. var. album T. K. Yen f. viridiflorum T. K. Yen, l. c., F. b. 1. 1964. ——Cymbidium sinense (Jackson ex Andr.) Willd. f. pallidiflorum S. S. Ying in Mem. Coll. Agric. Nat. Taiwan Univ. 30 (1): 45. 1990. ——Cymbidium sinense (Jackson ex Andr.) Willd. f. taiwanianum S. S. Ying, l. c. ——Cymbidium sinense (Jackson ex An——dr.) Willd. var. autumnale Y. S. Wu, Chinese Cymbidium (ed. 2) 53, 141. 1993, nom. inval. ——Cymbidium ensifolium (L.) Sw. var. munronianum auct. non King et Pantl-T. Tang et F. T. Wang in Acta Phytotax 1 (1): 91. 1951.
Forests, wet and well-drained shaded places in thickets along streamsides; 300-2000 m. S Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, SW Guizhou, Hainan, S Jiangxi, SC Sichuan (Emei Shan), Taiwan, Yunnan [India, Japan (Ryukyu Islands), Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam].Type specimen not specified, post selected type diagram Andr., Bot. Rep. 3 : t. 216.1802. |
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Plants terrestrial, autotrophic. Pseudobulbs ovoid, 2.5-6 × 1.5-2.5 cm, enclosed in leaf bases. |
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Leaves 3-5, deep green, lorate, 45-110(-200) × (1.5-)2-3 cm, thinly leathery, articulate 3.5-7 cm from base. |
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Inflorescence arising from base of pseudobulb, erect, somewhat robust, (40-)50-90 cm, usually slightly longer than leaves; rachis 10-20- or more flowered; floral bracts 4-8 mm and mostly less than 1/2 length of ovary, though basal bract more than 10 mm. Flowers usually strongly fragrant, variable in color, usually dark purple or purplish brown with a paler lip; pedicel and ovary 20-25 mm. Sepals narrowly oblong or narrowly elliptic, 22-35 × 5-7 mm, apex acute. Petals nearly narrowly ovate, 20-27 × 6-10 mm, apex acute; lip ovate-oblong, 17-25(-30) mm, not fused to basal margins of column, obscurely 3-lobed; lateral lobes erect, loosely clasping column; mid-lobe recurved, oblong-ovate, ca. 14 × 10 mm, margin slightly undulate; disk minutely papillate-pubescent, with 2 longitudinal lamellae extending from near base of lip to base of mid-lobe; lamellae converging in their apical half and forming a short tube. Column slightly arcuate, 12-15 mm, narrowly winged; pollinia 4, in 2 pairs, broadly ovoid. Capsule narrowly ellipsoid, 60-70 × 15-20 mm. Fl. (Oct-)Nov-Mar, fr. Dec-May. |
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Capsule narrowly elliptic, 6-7 cm long, 1.5-2 cm wide. | ||
