三褶虾脊兰（中国高等植物图鉴）
Calanthe triplicata (Willem.) Ames in Philip. J. Sci. Bot. 2: 326. 1907: J. .1. Smith in fig. Atlas Fl. Java t. 157. 1909; Koidzumi in Bot. Mag. Tokyo 39: 8. 1925: S. Y. Hu in Quart. J. Taiwan Mus. 25 (3, 4): 207. 1972; Garay et Sweet, Orch. South. Ryukyu Isl. 119. 1974, p. max. p. ; Seidenf. in Dansk Bot. Ark. 29(2): 16. t. 3. 1975; 台湾兰科植物1: 100-101 (图). 1975: 中国高等植物图鉴5: 720.图8269. 1976; 台湾植物志5: 915. 1978; Averyanov, Vasc. Pl. Vietham. Fl. 1: 46. 1990, et Iden. Guide Vietnam. Orch. 105. 1994; Seidenf. et J. J. Wood, Orch. Penins. Malay. Singap. 169. 1992;台湾兰科植物彩色图志1: 204.图30. 1996; Z. H. Tsi, S. C. Chen et K. Mori, Wild Orch. China 55. Pl. 62. 1997; 中国兰花全书142.图6-7 (17, 18). 1998.——Orchis triplicata Willem. in Usteri Ann. Bot. 6: 52. 1796. ——Limodorum veratrifolium Willem., Sp. Pl. 4: 122. 1805. ——Calanthe furcata Batem. ex Lindl. in Bot. Reg. 24: 28. Misc. 1838; Masamune in J. Geobot. 29 (4): t. 9. 1971. ——Calanthe rubicallosa Masamune in Geobot. 23 (2): t. 7. 1975. ——Calanthe triplicata (Willem.) Ames f. purpureoflora S. S. Ying, Col. Illustr. Orch. Fl. Taiwan 1: 204. 1996. ——Calanthe herbacea auct. non Lindl.: Yamamoto in Trans. Nat. Hist. Soc. Formos. 20: 98. 1930.
Evergreen broad-leaved forests; 700-2400 m. S Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Taiwan, N and SE Yunnan [Bhutan, Cambodia, India, Indonesia, Japan, Laos, Malaysia, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Vietnam; Australia, Madagascar, SW Pacific islands]. |
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Plants 40-100 cm tall. Rhizome inconspicuous. Pseudobulbs ovoid-cylindric, 1-3 × 1-2 cm, with 2 or 3 sheaths. |
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Leaves 3 or 4, well developed and spreading at anthesis, not deciduous; blade elliptic or elliptic-lanceolate, 20-60 × 5-12 cm, glabrous or sometimes puberulent abaxially, apex acute; petiole-like base 10-18 cm. |
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Scape arising from leaf axil, erect, 30-70 cm, puberulent; rachis 5-20 cm, densely many flowered; floral bracts persistent, ovate-lanceolate, 10-20 mm, puberulent or sometimes nearly glabrous. Flowers white, occasionally purplish red, later turning orange, turning black when dried; pedicel and ovary 30-40 mm, puberulent. Dorsal sepal recurved, subelliptic, 10-12 × 4.5-5.5 mm, abaxially puberulent, 5-veined, apex acute or apiculate; lateral sepals recurved, obovate-lanceolate, slightly oblique, 10-13 × 5-6 mm, abaxially puberulent, 5-veined. Petals recurved, obovate-lanceolate, 8-10 × 3-4.5 mm, abaxially puberulent, 3-veined, base clawed; lip adnate to entire length of column wings, 12-18 × ca. 14 mm, deeply 3-lobed; lateral lobes oblong to narrowly obovate-cuneate, ca. 7 × 3 mm, apex obtuse; mid-lobe divided by a deep sinus into 2 lobules, shortly apiculate in sinus; lobules divergent, linear-oblong, ca. as large as lateral lobes, ca. 3 mm wide; disk with 3 or 4 rows of small, golden or orange-red, wartlike calli at base; spur straight, white, cylindric, (6-)12-15 mm, slender, outside sparsely puberulent, apex obtuse. Column ca. 5 mm, dilated at apex, sparsely puberulent; rostellum 2-lobed; lobes suboblong, ca. 2 mm, apex subtruncate; pollinia clavate, unequal in size, 2-4 mm, with conspicuous caudicles; viscidium subelliptic, small. Fl. Apr-May. 2n = 18, 20, 40, 42. |
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