紫花美冠兰（植物分类学报）
Eulophia spectabilis (Dennst.) Suresh in Reg. Veg. 119: 300. 1988; Seidenf. in Opera Bot. 114: 330. 1992: Averyanov, Iden. Guide Vietnam. Orch. 401. 1994. ——Wolfia sPectabilis Dennst., Schluessel Hortus Malab. 38. 1818. ——Eulophia nuda Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orch. Pl. 180. 1833; Rolfe in J. Linn. Soc. Bot. 36: 29. 1903; Schltr. in Fedde Repert. Sp. Nov. Beih. 4: 262. 1919: Hand.——Mazz. in Oesterr. Bot. Zeitschr. 87: 132. 1938; Seidenf. in Opera Bot. 72: 40. fig. 26. 1983; Z. H. Tsi et S. C. Chen in Acta Phytotax. Sin. 33 (3): 292. 1995. ——Cyrtopera nuda (Lindl.) Rchb. f. in Flora 55: 274. 1872. ——Eulophia holochila Coll. et Hemsl. in J. Linn. Soc. Bot. 28: 132. 1890——Eulophia burkei Rolf a ex Downie in Kew Bull. 380. 1925. ——Phaius steppicolus Hand.——Mazz. in Anz. Akad. Wiss. Wien 62: 253. 1925, et Symb. Sinic. 7: 1355. 1936. ——Semiphaius chevalieri Gagnep. in Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris 2 ser., 4: 598. 1932.
Mixed forests, grassy slopes; 200-1600 m. S Jiangxi, SE and SW Yunnan [Bhutan, Cambodia, India, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, New Guinea, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam; SW Pacific islands]. |
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Plants autotrophic, 30-65 cm tall. Pseudobulb subterranean, subglobose, 3-4 cm in diam., with several stout roots.Leaves 2 or 3, present at anthesis, oblong-lanceolate, 20-40 × 2.5-6 cm, contracted at base into a petiole-like stalk, apex acuminate; petiole-like stalk enclosed in several basal sheaths and forming a pseudostem 14-34 cm. |
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Inflorescence racemose, 30-65 cm, stout, with several tubular sheaths below middle; rachis 5-20 cm, laxly 5-9(-15)-flowered; floral bracts lanceolate, 15-20 mm, shorter than ovary, membranous, apex acuminate. Flowers medium-sized, 20-35 mm in diam., purplish red, lip tinged yellow at center; pedicel and ovary 15-25 mm. Dorsal sepal linear or narrowly oblong, 18-25 × 3-6 cm, apex obtuse or acute; lateral sepals similar to dorsal sepal but slightly larger, to 10 mm wide, oblique, adnate at base to column foot. Petals suboblong, 15-17 × 5-9 mm, apex obtuse; lip ovate-oblong, 12-16 × 8-12 mm, spurred at base, obscurely 3-lobed or almost entire, margin ± crisped, apex subtruncate or emarginate; disk with slightly thickened veins or somewhat raised ridges; spur pointing down between divergent halves of broad column foot, broadly conic, 6-9 mm, apex acute. Column 6-8 mm, with a distinct, curved column foot 6-10 mm. Fl. Apr-Jun. 2n = 54. |
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