山兰（中国高等植物图鉴）

Oreorchis patens (Lindl.) Lindl. in J. Proc. Linn. Soc. Bot. 3: 27. 1859; Schltr. in Fedde Repert. Sp. Nov. Beih. 4: 224. 1919; Nevski in Komarov, Fl. USSR 4: 609. 1935; 秦岭植物志1: 430.图419.1976; 中国高等植物图鉴5: 741. 图 8312.1976; 横断山区维管植物2: 2597.1994; 东北植物检索表 (第二版) 904.1995; N. Pearce et Cribb in Edinb. J. Bot. 54 (3): 319. fig, 13. 1997. ——Corallorhiza patens Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orch. Pl. 535. 1840. ——Oreorchis lancifolia A. Gray in Mem. Amer. Acad. n. s., 6: 410. 1858-59. ——Oreorchis gracilis Franch. et Savat., Enum. Pl. Jap. 2: 27, 512. 1879. ——Oreorchis gracilis Franch. et Savat. var. gracillima Hayata, Icon. Pl. Formos. 2: 141. 1912. ——Oreorchis wilsonii Rolfe ex Adamson in J. Bot. 51: 130. 1913, nom. mud. ——Oreorchis gracillima (Hayata) Schltr. in Fedde Repert. Sp. Nor. Beih. 4: 223. 1919;台湾植物志5: 1076.图1629.1978; 台湾兰科植物3: 204-205 (图). 1987. ——Oreorchis patens (Lindl.) Lindl. var. gracilis (Franch. et Sav.) Makino ex Schltr., l. c. 224. 1919; N. Pearce et Cribb in Edinb. J. Bot. 54 (3): 322. fig. 14. 1997. ——Oreorchis setchuanica Ames et Schltr. in Fedde Repert. Sp. Nov. Beih. 4: 65. 1919. ——Oreorchis yunnanensis Schltr. in Fedde Repert. Sp. Nov. 7: 68. 1921. ——Oreorchis patens (Lindl.) Lindl. var. con fluens Hand.——Mazz., Symb. Sinic. 7: 1353. fig. 42. 1936. ——Oreorchis patens (Lindl.) Lindl. var. gracillima (Hayata) S. S. Ying in Quart. J. Chin. For. 21 (2): 116. 1988.

Forests, forest margins, thickets, grassy places, shaded places along valleys; 1000-3000 m. Gansu, Guizhou, Heilongjiang, Henan, Hunan, Jiangxi, Jilin, Liaoning, Sichuan, Taiwan, NE and NW Yunnan [Japan, Korea, Russia (Far East）。
Plants 25-70 cm tall. Pseudobulb ovoid to subellipsoid, 1-2 × 0.5-1.5 cm, 2- or 3-noded, sometimes persisting and forming a chain of pseudobulbs connected by a short rhizome. Leaf solitary, or rarely 2, linear or narrowly lanceolate, plicate, 13-30 × (0.4-)1-2 cm, gradually tapering at base into an indistinct petiole-like stalk 3-5(-8) cm, apex acuminate.
Inflorescence 25-67 cm, with 2 or 3 tubular sheaths below middle; rachis 4-15.5 cm, laxly few to subdensely many flowered; floral bracts narrowly lanceolate, 2.5-5 mm. Flowers yellowish brown to pale yellow, lip white with purple spots; pedicel and ovary 8-12 mm. Sepals narrowly oblong, 7-9 × 1.5-2 mm, apex slightly obtuse; lateral sepals slightly falcate. Petals narrowly oblong, slightly falcate, 7-8 × 1.5-1.8 mm, apex acute; lip oblong-obovate, 6.5-8.5 × 3.5-5 mm, shortly clawed at base, 3-lobed below middle; lateral lobes slightly incurved, linear, ca. 3 × 0.7 mm, apex obtuse; mid-lobe subobovate, 5.5-7 × 3-5.5 mm, apex obtuse-rounded and irregularly incised; disk with a pair of thick lamellae, extending from base to midway along mid-lobe; lamellae to 3.5 mm. Column 4-5 mm, base thickened. Capsule oblong, ca. 15 × 7 mm. Fl. Jun-Jul, fr. Sep-Oct. 2n = 48.