二叶红门兰（中国高等植物图鉴）
双花红门兰（秦岭植物志）
Orchis diantha Schltr. in Acta Hort. Gothob. 1: 131. 1924; Hand.-Mazz. , Symb. Sin. 7: 1324. 1936; 中国高等植物图鉴5: 611, 图8052. 1976; 秦岭植物志1(1): 398, 图385. 1976; T. Tang, F. T. Wang et K. Y. Lang in Acta Phytotax. Sin. 18(4): 409, figs. 2(1-20), 1980; 西藏植物志5: 679, 图355: 1-2. 1987; 横断山区维管植物2: 2514. 1994;青海植物志4: 302. 1999.——Gymnadenia spathulata Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orch. pl. 280. 1835(Sep. ).——Orchis spathulata(Lindl. )Rchb. f. ex Benth. in J. Linn. Soc. Bot. 18: 355. 1881, nom Linn. f. Suppl. 398. 1781; Hook. f. in Hook. Icon. pl. 22: t, 2197A . 1894. ——Orchis spathulata(Lindl. )Rchb. f. ex Benth. var. foliosa Finet in Rev. Gen. Bot. 13: 516. 1901. ——Orchis spathulata(Lindl. )Rchb. f. ex Benth. var. wilsonii Schltr. in Acta Hort. Gothob. 1: 132. 1924.——Galeorchis reichenbachii Nevski in Fl. USSR. 4: 670. 1935. ——Galeorchis diantha(Schltr. )Soo in Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hungar. 12: 352. 1966.——Galeorchis spathulata(Lindl. )Soo, 1. c. 351.——Galeorchis spathulata(Lindl. )Soo var. wilsonii(Schltr. )Soo, 1. c. ——Galearis diantha(Schltr. )P. F. Hunt in Kew Bull. 26: 171. 1971. ——Galearis spathulata(Lindl. )P. F. Hunt, 1. c. 172.——Aorchis spathulata(Lindl. )Vemeulen in Jahresber. Naturwiss. Ver. Wuppertal. 25: 32. 1972 et Soo in Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hungar. 20 (3-4): 350. 1974. ——Aorchis spathulata var. wilsonii(Schltr. )Soo, comb. nov. et var. foliosa Finet, 1. c.——Ponerorchis diantha(Schltr. )Soo, 1. c. 352.
Open forests, scrub, alpine meadows, roadsides; 2300-4300 m. SE |
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Plants 8-15 cm tall. Rhizome slender. Stem with 1 or 2 tubular, somewhat membranous sheaths at base, (1 or)2(or 3)-leaved. Leaves subopposite, narrowly spatulate-oblanceolate, narrowly spatulate, or elliptic, 2.3-9 × 0.5-3 cm, base gradually attenuate into a long conduplicate sheath, apex obtuse-rounded to acute. |
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Inflorescence 4-10 cm, slender to slightly fleshy; rachis to 2 cm, with 1-5 often secund flowers; floral bracts spreading, suboblong to narrowly elliptic-lanceolate, apex obtuse or acute, basal one often equal to or longer than flower. Flowers spreading, purple, medium-sized to relatively large; ovary fusiform, 7-9 mm including pedicel. Sepals rose-purple, suboblong, 7-10 × 2.5-4 mm, subequal in length, apex obtuse; dorsal sepal erect, concave, 3(or 5)-veined; lateral sepals spreading, slightly oblique, 3-veined. Petals erect, forming a hood with dorsal sepal, purplish pink, ovate-oblong to broadly oblong, 6.5-8 × 2.5-3.5 mm, 3-veined, apex obtuse; lip simple, oblong, elliptic, ovate, or subsquare, 8-11 × 4-6.5 mm, longer than petals, base narrowed into a short claw, spurred, margin entire to slightly undulate, apex obtuse-rounded or subtruncate; disk purplish pink, spotted with dark purple, papillose; spur straight, cylindric, short, ca. 2 mm, much shorter than ovary, stout. Fl. Jul-Aug, fr. Jul-Sep. |
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This species is found on different individuals of the same specimen from Yudejun 2275 in western Sichuan and Wangqiwu 65642 in Chayu County, Tibet. Some of them have only one leaf and some have two leaves. In No.11576 and No.11726 specimens from Yudejun, Yunnan, in addition to individuals with two leaves, there are also individuals with three leaves, reflecting that the number of leaves of this species is variable, usually two, a few with three, and a considerable number of individuals with only one, while individuals with one leaf appear in western Sichuan, southeastern Tibet, and northern India. The shape, width and width of its leaves also have great changes, from narrow spoon-shaped inverted lanceolate, narrow oval, oval to spoon-shaped, 1-2.5 cm wide ; the shape of the flower ' s lips and the length of its base narrowing claws varied.
在《Flora of China》中已经更名：二叶盔花兰
Galearis spathulata (Lindley) P. F. Hunt Kew Bull. 26: 172. 1971.
Gymnadenia spathulata Lindley, Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. 280. 1835; Aorchis spathulata (Lindley) Vermeulen; A. spathulata var. foliosa (Finet) Soó; A. spathulata var. wilsonii (Schlechter) Soó; Galearis diantha (Schlechter) P. F. Hunt; Galeorchis diantha (Schlechter) Soó; G. reichenbachii Nevski; G. spathulata (Lindley) Soó; G. spathulata var. wilsonii (Schlechter) Soó; Habenaria spathulata (Lindley) Bentham; Orchis diantha Schlechter; O. spathulata (Lindley) H. G. Reichenbach ex Bentham (1881), not Linnaeus (1781); O. spathulata var. foliosa Finet; O. spathulata var. wilsonii Schlechter; Ponerorchis diantha (Schlechter) Soó.
Plants 8-15 cm tall. Rhizome slender. Stem with 1 or 2 tubular, somewhat membranous sheaths at base, (1 or)2(or 3)-leaved. Leaves subopposite, narrowly spatulate-oblanceolate, narrowly spatulate, or elliptic, 2.3-9 × 0.5-3 cm, base gradually attenuate into a long conduplicate sheath, apex obtuse-rounded to acute. Inflorescence 4-10 cm, slender to slightly fleshy; rachis to 2 cm, with 1-5 often secund flowers; floral bracts spreading, suboblong to narrowly elliptic-lanceolate, apex obtuse or acute, basal one often equal to or longer than flower. Flowers spreading, purple, medium-sized to relatively large; ovary fusiform, 7-9 mm including pedicel. Sepals rose-purple, suboblong, 7-10 × 2.5-4 mm, subequal in length, apex obtuse; dorsal sepal erect, concave, 3(or 5)-veined; lateral sepals spreading, slightly oblique, 3-veined. Petals erect, forming a hood with dorsal sepal, purplish pink, ovate-oblong to broadly oblong, 6.5-8 × 2.5-3.5 mm, 3-veined, apex obtuse; lip simple, oblong, elliptic, ovate, or subsquare, 8-11 × 4-6.5 mm, longer than petals, base narrowed into a short claw, spurred, margin entire to slightly undulate, apex obtuse-rounded or subtruncate; disk purplish pink, spotted with dark purple, papillose; spur straight, cylindric, short, ca. 2 mm, much shorter than ovary, stout. Fl. Jul-Aug, fr. Jul-Sep.
Open forests, scrub, alpine meadows, roadsides; 2300-4300 m. SE Gansu, NE Qinghai, Shaanxi, W Sichuan, E and S Xizang, NW Yunnan [Bhutan, India, Nepal].