舌唇兰（中国高等植物图鉴）
Platanthera japonica (Thunb. ex A. Marray) Lindl. , Gen. Sp. Orch. pl. 290. 1835; Schltr. in Fedde Repert. Sp. Nov. Beih. 4: 112. 1919; Ohwi, Fl. Jap. 326. 1965; F. Maekawa, Wild Orch. Jap. Col. 151. pl. 38. 1971; Garay et Sweet, Orch. South. Ryukyu Isl. 33. 1974; S. Y. Hu in Quart. J. Taiwan Mus. 28(1-2): 133. 1975; 中国高等植物图鉴5: 618, 图8065.1976; 秦岭植物志1(1): 402, 图389.1976;安徽植物志5: 555. 图3095. 1992; 浙江植物志7: 503, 图7-671. 1993; R. Y. Lang in Bot. Res. Inst. Bot. 7: 115. 1994;横断山区维管植物2: 2522. 1994. ——Orchis japonica Thunb. ex A. Murray in Linnaeus Syst. Veg. ed. 14: 811. 1784. ——Orchis japonica Thunb. , Fl. Jap. 26. 1784.——Habenaria japonica(Thunb. ex A. Murray)A. Gary in Mem. Amer. Aead. n. ser. 6: 410. 1859. ——Platanthera manubriata Kraenzl. ex Diels in Bot. Jahrb. 29: 265. 1900. ——Platanthera setchuanica Kraenzl. , 1. c. ——Habenaria omeiensis Rolfe in Kew Bull. 1896: 203. 1896. ——Platanthera omeiensis(Rolfe)Schltr. in Fedde Repert. Sp. Nov. Beih. 4: 116. 1919.
Forests, grasslands on slopes; 600-2600 m. Anhui, Chongqing, Gansu, Guangxi, Guizhou, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, Zhejiang [Japan, Korea]. |
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Plants 35-80 cm tall. Rootstock tuberous, cylindric to narrowly ovoid. Stem erect, stout, with several tubular sheaths at base, (3 or)4-6-leaved. Leaves cauline, alternate, widely spaced, elliptic to narrowly elliptic, 10-18 × 3-7.5 cm, base sheathing, apex obtuse or acute. |
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Peduncle robust, with 3 or 4 foliaceous, lanceolate bracts; rachis 10-18 cm, 10-28-flowered; floral bracts narrowly lanceolate, 20-45 mm, basal ones exceeding flowers, apex acuminate. Flowers white; pedicel and ovary straight to slightly arcuate, cylindric, 18-25 mm. Dorsal sepal erect, forming a hood with petals, ovate, cymbiform, 7-8 × 5-6 mm, glabrous, 3-veined, apex obtuse or acute; lateral sepals reflexed, ovate, oblique, 8-9 × 4-5 mm, glabrous, 3-veined, apex acute. Petals linear, 6-7 × ca. 1.5 mm, 1-veined, apex obtuse; lip pendulous or spreading, linear, 13-15(-20) mm, entire, apex obtuse; spur pendulous, cylindric to filiform, 25-60 mm, much longer than ovary, slender, apex acute. Column 1-2 mm; staminodes conspicuous; anther locules almost parallel; connective rather broad, apex subretuse; pollinia obovoid, with slender caudicles and linear-ellipsoid viscidia; rostellum erect, broadly triangular, short; stigma lobes confluent, concave, lying directly below rostellum. Fl. Mar-Jul, fr. May-Sep. 2n = 42. |
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